This 43-kilometer (26-mile) route is just a small fraction of the Qhapaq Ñan, the monumental network of Inca roads that once spanned over 30,000 kilometers across six South American countries. The section leading to Machu Picchu was designed specifically for religious and ceremonial purposes. It was reserved for the Inca elite and the chasquis (running messengers), with resting stations (tambos) and purification temples strategically located along the way.

Although Hiram Bingham walked sections of this route in 1911, the Classic Inca Trail as we know it today was thoroughly mapped and explored in 1942 by the Viking Fund expedition, led by explorer Paul Fejos. His detailed maps revealed to the world the beautiful complexes of Wiñay Wayna, Phuyupatamarca, and Sayacmarca, quickly turning this route into the ultimate dream for hikers across the globe.

The geography of the Inca Trail is dramatic and ever-changing. The trek begins in the inter-Andean valleys (Kilometer 82), brutally ascends to the dreaded Warmiwañusca pass (Dead Woman's Pass) at 4,215 meters (13,828 feet) in altitude, and then drops abruptly into the lush cloud forest. As you advance, the ecosystem transforms from a dry, cold high-altitude puna to a dense, humid jungle filled with orchids and hummingbirds.

• Dry Season (May to October): These are the safest and most spectacular months to do the trek, with firm trails and clear views of the Milky Way at night. Tip: Permits are strictly limited (500 people per day, including guides and porters), so they must be booked at least 6 months in advance.

• February (CLOSED): Important: The Inca Trail is strictly closed during the entire month of February by government mandate for maintenance, conservation work, and safety reasons due to heavy rains.